This research volume is a continuation of our previous volume on intelligent machines. We have laid the foundation of intelligent machines in SCI Series Volume 70 by including the possible and successful applications of computational intelligence paradigms in machines for mimicking the human behaviour.

The present volume includes the recent advances in intelligent paradigms and innovative applications such as document processing, language translation, English academic writing, crawling system for web pages, web-page retrieval technique, aggregate k-Nearest Neighbour for answering queries, context-aware guide, recommendation system for museum, meta-learning environment, casebased reasoning approach for adaptive modelling in exploratory learning, discussion support system for understanding research papers, system for recommending e-Learning courses, community site for supporting multiple motor-skill development, community size estimation of internet forum, lightweight reprogramming for wireless sensor networks, adaptive traffic signal controller and virtual disaster simulation system.

This book is primarily based on the contributions made by the authors to the KES International Conference Series. The original contributions were revised by the authors for inclusion in the book.

This book is directed to engineers, scientists, researchers, professors and the undergraduate/postgraduate students who wish to explore the applications of intelligent paradigms further.

We are grateful to the authors and reviewers for their excellent contributions. We sincerely thank the editorial team of the Springer-Verlag Company for their helpful assistance during the book’s preparation.