| Clay tablets have been used to keep records from the earliest times. However, they were used for archives rather than libraries and consisted mainly of administrative records.Private and personal libraries containing books first appeared in Greece in the 5th century BC.The Royal Library of Alexandria was founded in the 3rd century BC and was reputedly the largest library in the world. It was linked to amuseum,or research centre, and appeared to be primarily devoted to editing Greek texts on papyrus scrolls. The library was initially organized by Demetrius Phalereus who wrote about history, rhetoric, and literary criticism, and was a student of Aristotle.
One of the most important libraries in Persia established in the 7th century was that associated with the Academy of Gundisaphur, which offered training in medicine, philosophy, theology and science. It was the most important medical centre of the ancient world during the 6th and 7th centuries. In the 8th century Iranians and Arabs imported the skill of paper-making from China, and by the 9th century, public libraries started to appear in many Islamic cities, although they were later destroyed by invaders. However, the contents of the texts were copied by Christian monks and were added to texts from Roman, Greek, and Byzantine works.Library design at the time reflected the labour intensive process of hand-copying of texts and the need to keep them secure.Thus librarians chained books to lecterns or shelves. Today Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) can be used if we wish to know where a book is located. |
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 Arduino Adventures: Escape from Gemini Station
Fun. We (your authors) wanted a word to describe our ultimate goal for this book, as well as a word
we hope you (our reader) will use to describe it, and that’s the one we chose. There are others goals,
of course, but in the end, when you’ve finished the book, we’re hoping you’ll have enjoyed the
activities... |  | Mac OS X Leopard All-in-One Desk Reference For DummiesYour new Mac with OS X Leopard is so cool! You have digital media, including iTunes, iPhoto, iDVD, and iMovie, at your fingertips, as well as everything the Internet has to offer. Where do you start to make the most of it? With Mac OS X Leopard All-In-One Desk Reference for Dummies, of course! Here are seven handy minibooks, each devoted to one... | | |
Handbook of Systems and Complexity in Health
This book is an introduction to health care as a complex adaptive system, a system that feeds back on itself. The first section introduces systems and complexity theory from a science, historical, epistemological, and technical perspective, describing the principles and mathematics. Subsequent sections build on the health applications of... | | SAP Workflow Interview Questions, Answers, And ExplanationsThe Ultimate Reference & Learning Guide for Workflow Consultants SAP Workflow Interview Questions, Answers, and Explanations! It' s clear that Workflow is one of the most challenging areas in SAP -- and finding answers can be difficult. SAP WF Interview Questions, Answers, and Explanations guides you through your learning process. From helping... | | Iconoclast: A Neuroscientist Reveals How to Think Differently
No organization can survive without iconoclasts -- innovators who single-handedly upturn conventional wisdom and manage to achieve what so many others deem impossible.
Though indispensable, true iconoclasts are few and far between. In Iconoclast, neuroscientist Gregory Berns explains why. He explores the constraints... |
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