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Developing the second edition of Neural Development and Stem Cells was necessitated
by the rapid increase in our knowledge of the development of the nervous system.
It has become increasingly clear that stem cells are a heterogeneous population that
changes extensively during development. Perhaps the most important advance in our
understanding of stem cell behavior has been the realization that regionalization of
stem cells occurs early in development and this bias toward differentiation in phenotypes
of neurons or cells characteristic of a particular part of the brain appears to persist
even after prolonged culture. We have therefore included additional chapters on olfactory
epithelial stem cells and retinal stem cells, both of which differ in their properties
from ventricular zone and subventricular zone–derived neural stem cells. It is also now
clear from an analysis of mutants and transgenics where the death or self-renewal pathway
is altered that cell death regulates stem cell number. As a consequence, this second
edition includes a separate chapter on cell death that summarizes the important changes
in the death pathway that occur as stem cells mature. The existing chapters in the book
have also been extensively revised and updated by experts who have generously contributed
their time and expertise.
The chapters have been organized along the lines of our understanding of how the
nervous system develops (Fig.1, on p. vi). Stem cells are present early in development,
well before the onset of neurogenesis and gliogenesis. Stem cells proliferate and respond
to extrinsic cues to mature as adult stem cells, undergo cell death, enter a state of quiescence,
or differentiate. Stem cells appear to become regionally specified and their differentiation
potential depends on the region that they have been isolated from.
I thank the authors for their efforts in ensuring that their manuscripts are as up
to date as possible, and we all hope that this second edition of Neural Development and
Stem Cells will serve as a handy guide for a course on stem cell biology in the nervous
system for the novice and expert alike. |
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