The topic of this book is proportionate-type normalized least mean squares (PtNLMS) adaptive filtering algorithms, which attempt to estimate an unknown impulse response by adaptively giving gains proportionate to an estimate of the impulse response and the current measured error. These algorithms offer low computational complexity...

In measure theory, a familiar representation theorem due to F. Riesz identifies the dual space L_p(X,L,λ)* with L_q(X,L,λ), where 1/p+1/q=1, as long as 1 ≤ p<∞. However, L_∞(X,L,λ)* cannot be similarly described, and is instead represented as a...

This book explains the 3GPP technical specifications for the upcoming 5G Internet of Things (IoT) technology based on latest release which is Release 15. It details the LTE protocol stack of an IoT device, architecture and framework, how they are functioning and communicate with cellular infrastructure, and supported features and...

This book introduces the concept of smart city as the potential solution to the challenges created by urbanization. The Internet of Things (IoT) offers novel features with minimum human intervention in smart cities. This book describes different components of Internet of Things (IoT) for smart cities including sensor technologies,...

This book provides essential insights into a range of newly developed numerical optimization techniques with a view to solving real-world problems. Many of these problems can be modeled as nonlinear optimization problems, but due to their complex nature, it is not always possible to solve them using conventional optimization theory....

A century ago, discoveries in physics came together with engineering to produce an array of astonishing new technologies: radios, telephones, televisions, aircraft, radar, nuclear power,...