Replication is a topic of interest in the distributed computing, distributed systems, and database communities. Although these communities have traditionally looked at replication from different viewpoints and with different goals (e.g., performance versus fault tolerance), recent developments have led to a convergence of these different...

The optical networking technology that suffered in the post - dot - com crash several years ago has since recovered and is once again poised for rapid growth due to the exhaustion of available bandwidth. Today, photonics networks transport Internet data over large distances in long - haul and metropolitan networks. Improvements in...

Optimization is a subject that is widely and increasingly used in science, engineering, economics, management, industry, and other areas. It deals with selecting the best of many possible decisions in real-life environment, constructing computational methods to find optimal solutions, exploring the theoretical properties, and studying...

The convergence of computing and communication has produced a society that feeds on information. Yet most of the information is in its raw form: data. If data is characterized as recorded facts, then information is the set of patterns, or expectations, that underlie the data. There is a huge amount of information locked up in...

The 16th International Conference on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems (NLDB 2011) was held during June 28–30, 2011, at the University of Alicante, Spain. Since the first NLDB conference in 1995, the main goal has been to provide a forum for the discussion and dissemination of research on the integration of...

The Williams, Using Information Technology, 9th edition utilizes a practical, applied approach to technology. This text is user-focused and has been highly updated including topics, pictures and examples. The Williams text contains less theory and more application to engage students who might be more familiar with technology. Continually...

In brief, BI refers...

We can understand the multimedia technology as a digital integration of texts, graphics, audio, animation, still images and motion video in a way that provides a high level of personal interaction and control to individual users. The evolution of multimedia is a convergence of the mentioned media types to a unique system. Before the...

This book provides a general introduction to Bayesian networks,...