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What is the theory of computation all about? The theory of computation embodies the principle by which computers have become the basis of modern digital technology, which makes a computer perform as desired, and which, consequently, has led to the prosperity of our advanced information society (just as physical sciences constitute the...

Maximizing the performance of Unix systems is a challenge that requires a specialized understanding of operating system behavior, knowledge of the design and tuning capabilities of the applications that run on the system, and an intimate acquaintance with system and application performance measuring tools that assist in...

As we began to plan this book, we worried that it would become lost in the hundreds—no, thousands—of volumes that have been written on “Web design,” HTML, Java, XML, or any of the myriad technologies that must be understood to build successful Web-based systems and applications (WebApps). To our surprise, we...

With the unprecedented rate at which data is being collected today in almost all elds of human endeavor, there is an emerging economic and scientic need to extract useful information from it. For example, many companies already have data-warehouses in the terabyte range (e.g., FedEx, Walmart). The World Wide Web has an estimated 800...

Before the invention of the Internet and the creation of the Web, the vast majority of human conversations were in spoken form, with the only notable, but extremely limited, exception being epistolary exchanges. Some important spoken conversations, such as criminal trials and political debates (e.g., Hansard, the transcripts of...

Since the 1960s, database systems have been playing a relevant role in the information technology field. By the mid-1960s, several systems were also available for commercial purposes. Hierarchical and network database systems provided two different perspectives and data models to organize data collections. In 1970, E. Codd wrote a...

The 16th International Conference on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems (NLDB 2011) was held during June 28–30, 2011, at the University of Alicante, Spain. Since the first NLDB conference in 1995, the main goal has been to provide a forum for the discussion and dissemination of research on the integration of...

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This book contains 71 original, scientific articles that address state-of-the-art research related to scale space and variational methods for image processing and computer vision. Topics covered in the book range from mathematical analysis of both established and new models, fast numerical methods, image analysis, segmentation,...

THE RISE OF THE INTERNET, sophisticated computing and communications technologies, and globalization have raised customers’ expectations of powerful “always on” services. A crucial characteristic of these “always on” services is that they are highly available; if the customer cannot get a search result,...