Payment systems are the indispensable infrastructure for financial markets and business activities. Every commercial trade and financial transaction is finalized only when the final settlement is made through a payment system. If operational failures would occur in a payment system, preventing smooth transfers of funds, national economies and...

It’s often difficult to predict which areas of a field will become rejuvenated and grow rapidly or spin off to fit with another to form something new. The field of electro-optics is also unpredictable, but currently it has numerous forces acting on it. First is the development of new optical sources such as ultrafast lasers and fiber...

The Cisco IronPort Email Security Appliances (ESA) have been deployed in thousands of networks to accept, filter, and deliver email messages. The ESA is easy to deploy and its security-filtering settings are effective right out of the box. However, many organizations are looking for more from their messaging environment...

Programming Language Concepts uses a functional programming language (F#) as the metalanguage in which to present all concepts and examples, and thus has an operational flavour, enabling practical experiments and exercises. It includes basic concepts such as abstract syntax, interpretation, stack machines, compilation, type checking, and...

Families in America: A Reference Handbook is an in-depth and multifaceted examination of the contemporary American family. The volume is designed for a wide range of readers in college, high school, and public library settings. It supplies a solid conceptual foundation of basic terms, concepts, and policies related...