This volume is based on the International Conference Logic at Work, held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in December 1992. The 14 papers in this volume are selected from 86 submissions and 8 invited contributions and are all devoted to knowledge representation and reasoning under uncertainty, which are core issues of formal artificial...

During the 1980's the flat relational model (relational model), which was initiated by Codd in 1970, gained immense popularity and acceptance in the market place. One of the main reasons for this success is that the relational model provides physical data independences i.e. changing the physical organization of the database does not...

Since its release, Spring Framework has transformed virtually every aspect of Java development including web applications, security, aspect-oriented programming, persistence, and messaging. Spring Batch, one of its newer additions, now brings the same familiar Spring idioms to batch processing. Spring Batch addresses the needs of any batch...

My interest in oscillators started many years ago when I was an undergraduate student and one of the laboratory experiments was the design of a Colpitts oscillator. It was amazing to see how a sinusoidal signal appeared when the power supply was turned on. What an interesting way of controlling the motion of electrons in the circuit!...

My entire career has been about learning and applying new technologies. It has also been about taking on new challenges related to technology and business. I enjoy learning new things,and I like to share things that I have learned through writing and public speaking. I like to help others learn challenging subjects,in particular...

The term photorealistic is thrown around a lot and is often undefined. Although it seems obvious—photorealistic means something looks like a photo—the word requires a greater explanation. There are many facets to photorealism. This is true because as a CG artist, you have control over everything. Achieving 100 percent realism...

The Extract-Transform-Load (ETL) system is the foundation of the data warehouse. A properly designed ETL system extracts data from the source systems, enforces data quality and consistency standards, conforms data so that separate sources can be used together, and finally delivers data in a presentation-ready format so that...

PowerShell is becoming the de facto administration tool for Microsoft Server products. The ability to script out reusable steps and code makes life easier for administrators, developers, and managers alike. With the latest release of Microsoft SharePoint Server 2010, PowerShell is the recommended administration...

Ruby is an object-oriented, interpreted programming language. It is object-oriented in that it views (and interacts with) everything as an object. Ruby is interpreted in that its programs are compiled and executed by an interpreter at runtime. Th is allows you to make changes to your Ruby programs and then immediately run the programs...

IT’S NOT ENOUGH these days to have a website. As a business or individual in today’s technology landscape, you must be able to adapt and change with new emerging technologies that seemingly pop up every day. There are thousands of solutions and implementation to consider, but only a select few are worth your precious time....

The world of enterprise routing with Juniper Networks devices is getting very exciting—new technologies, products, and network developments are making the enterprise network environment one of the most dynamic places to be. However, we, the authors, hope to focus that energy by providing you with a detailed and practical...

Over the last two years, Google’s Android operating system (OS) has gone from a virtually unknown open source solution to the current mobile OS market leader among all mobile handsets, with over one-third of the market share, and it’s still climbing rapidly. Android has even started to dominate the tablet OS marketplace, and...