Molecular properties and reactions are controlled by electrons in the molecules. Electrons had been thought to be particles. Quantum mechanics showed that electrons have properties not only as particles but also as waves. A chemical theory is required to think about the wave properties of electrons in molecules. These properties are well...

A constraint is a restriction on a space of possibilities; it is a piece of knowledge that narrows the scope of this space. Because constraints arise naturally in most areas of human endeavor, they are the most general means for formulating regularities that govern our computational, physical, biological, and social worlds. Some...

"Basics Typography: Virtual Typography" addresses a fundamentally new form of typographical communication. The book explores the visual arrangement of words and letters in the context of multimedia. Here, this arrangement is not simply a spatial positioning of text information it is also bound by time. The increasing use of moving,...

We are entering a new era in production agronomics. Agricultural scientists the world over call for the development of techniques that simultaneously increase soil carbon storage and reduce agriculture’s energy use. In response, site-specific or precision agriculture has become the focus and direction for the three motivating forces...

The 42 revised full papers presented together with 2 industrial application papers, 15 software demos, and 3 invited contributions were carefully reviewed and selected...