The area of aggregation operations is one of the most promising off-springs of fuzzy sets theory. Before Zadeh introduced fuzzy set connectives in 1965, there was a wide gap between logic and decision sciences. On the one hand, multiplevalued logics proposed many-valued extensions of the conjunctions and disjunctions for which the...

I have been working with Hyper-V since the beta release of it for Windows Server 2008. There was a lot to learn with the brand new product. It quickly became evident that Hyper-V was just a tiny piece of the entire puzzle. A Hyper-V project is much more than just a virtualization project. It is a project that will change how your server...

This book is about the use of techniques and tools for the design and implementation of computer systems and software that are free from logical or functional flaws (in the sense of functional requirements). The word rigorous in the title of this book is justified by the fact that the arguments for such fault freeness have their roots...

You may know When Dinosaurs Ruled the Earth as a goofy humans-coexisting-withdinosaurs movie from the 1970s. However, in technology circles, “When Dinosaurs Ruled the Earth” refers to a grim humans-coexisting-with-mainframes story from the 1970s. I refer, of course, to IBM and its brontosaurus-size computers (called...

Welcome to the eighth edition of the Game Programming Gems series, started by Mark DeLoura in 2000. The first edition was inspired by Andrew Glassner‘s popular Graphics Gems series. Since then, other Gems series have started, including AI Gems and a new series focused on the capabilities of programmable graphics, the ShaderX series....

The convergence of computing and communication has produced a society that feeds on information. Yet most of the information is in its raw form: data. If data is characterized as recorded facts, then information is the set of patterns, or expectations, that underlie the data. There is a huge amount of information locked up in...

In The U.S. Congress, Donald A. Ritchie, a congressional historian for more than...

Modernism ushered in some of the most exciting innovations in art and literature, from Fauvism, Cubism, and Dada, to the novels of James Joyce and Franz Kafka, to such provocative works as Marcel Duchamp's "Fountain." But Modernism also left many people puzzled in its wake. How can a routine bathroom fixture be considered a work...

In the Caribbean, you can hike through national parks and scuba dive along underwater mountains. But if your idea of the perfect island vacation is to plunk yourself down on the sands with a frosted drink in hand, you can do that, too. Whetheryou want a veranda with a view of the sea or a plantation house set in a field of sugar...

This thesis presents several precise techniques that analyze object-oriented languages for security violations, together with evaluations on Java benchmarks. The key question that will be targeted throughout this work is “Can a given statement directly or indirectly influence another statement, and if this is possible, how can this...

If you are preparing for any version of the TOEFL, you are not alone. Almost a million people all over the world took the TOEFL last year. A high score on this test is an essential step in being admitted to graduate or undergraduate programs at almost all colleges and universities in North America. But preparing for this test can be a...