Current search paradigms for the Web, direct access through search engines and navigational access via static taxonomies, have recently been strongly criticized. A third paradigm, dynamic taxonomies or faceted search, is gaining acceptance to the extent that it is now the de facto standard in product selection for e-commerce. This new...

Launched on October 23, 2001, the iPod has become the icon of the decade. You don’t need much imagination to see why. Imagine no longer needing to take CDs or DVDs with you when you travel — your favorite music and videos fit right in your pocket and you can leave your precious content library at home. With the iPhone and...

The twentieth century witnessed the birth of revolutionary ideas in the phys- ical sciences. These ideas began to shake the traditional view of the universe dating back to the days of Newton, even to the days of Galileo. Albert Ein- stein is usually identified as the creator of the relativity theory, a theory that is used to model the...

Apple announced the original iPad on January 27, 2010, and the technology world hasn’t been the same since. Customers rushed to buy the tablet, snapping up more than 300,000 the day it went on sale. Competitors rushed to copy it, with Samsung, Motorola, Amazon, and others creating their own variations on the app-friendly...

CPUs are now scaling horizontally, adding more and more...

This book presents current methods for dealing with software reliability, illustrating the advantages and disadvantages of each method. The description of the techniques is intended for a non-expert audience with some minimal technical background. It also describes some advanced techniques, aimed at researchers and practitioners in software...

You are about to embark on the study of a fascinating and important subject: the theory of computation. It comprises the fundamental mathematical properties of computer hardware, software, and certain applications thereof. In studying this subject we seek to determine what can and cannot be computed, how quickly, with how much memory,...

This book is about "threads" and how to use them. Thread" is just a name for a basic software "thing" that can do work on a computer. A thread is smaller, faster, and more maneuverable than a traditional process. In fact, once threads have been added to an operating system, a "process" becomes just...

Graph rewriting systems have come of age. In autumn 1994, the 25th anniversary of the first publication in this area was celebrated at the 5th Workshop on Graph Grammars and their Applications to Computer Science. In the interim, the subject has evolved. The current situation can be described by a three-stage model. At the very low...

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Computer vision seeks a process that starts with a noisy, ambiguous signal from a TV camera and ends with a high-level description of discrete objects located in 3-dimensional space and identified in a human classification. In this book we address this process at several levels. We first treat the low-level image-processing issues of...