A constraint is a restriction on a space of possibilities; it is a piece of knowledge that narrows the scope of this space. Because constraints arise naturally in most areas of human endeavor, they are the most general means for formulating regularities that govern our computational, physical, biological, and social worlds. Some...

Parallel programming truly redefines the programming model for multicore architecture, which has become commonplace. For this reason, parallel programming has been elevated to a core technology in the Microsoft .NET Framework 4. In this version of the .NET Framework, the Task Parallel Library (TPL) and the System.Threading.Tasks...

Mathematics and mathematical modelling are of central importance in computer science. For this reason the teaching concepts of mathematics in computer science have to be constantly reconsidered, and the choice of material and the motivation have to be adapted. This applies in particular to mathematical analysis, whose significance has to be...

When local area networks (LANs) first appeared in the business world, their primary functions were to share files and printers. These are still critical applications for most business networks, but networks are able to provide many other functions as well. Virtually all business owners want to provide their users with access to the...

Be careful what you ask for. It’s been a struggle, but at last I’ve got it out of my system, and...

The idea of writing this book, Peer to Peer: Collaboration and Sharing over the Internet, seemed in several ways a natural and complementary progression from the previous one, The Wiki Way (Addison-Wesley, 2001). Subtitled Quick...

At the beginning of our research we thought that a solution for the problem of...

For half my life—fully 18 of my 36 years—I filled out timesheets, accounting for every minute of my workday to corporations both large and small who valued my time far below my own personal estimations of its worth. Degrees and certifications combined with long hours, hard work, and a can-do attitude produced a...

Since the publication of the first edition of The Description Logic Handbook in 2003, the interest in Description Logics (DL) has steadily increased. This applies both to the number of active DL researchers working on DL theory and implementations of reasoning services, and to the number of applications based on DL technology. One...

Crystallization from solution is a core technology in major sectors of the chemical process and allied industries. Crystals are produced in varying sizes ranging from as small as a few tens of nanometers to several millimetres or more, both as discrete particles and as structured agglomerates. Well- established examples include bulk...

The C++ programming language, which includes C as a proper subset, has become the preeminent programming language in the engineering and scientific fields. For most engineers and scientists, however, using the full potential of C++, which is a hybrid language containing both structured and object-oriented features, involves a gradual...

The preceding is a strong statement. It is also true. More and more, applications must interface to the Web. It no longer matters much what the...