The loop-shaping approach consists of obtaining a specification in relation to the open loop of the control from specifications regarding various closed loop transfers, because it is easier to work on a single transfer (in addition to the open loop) than on a multitude of transfers (various loopings such as set point/error, disturbance/error,...

Information networking has emerged as a multidisciplinary diversified area of research over the past few decades. From traditional wired telephony to cellular voice telephony and from wired access to wireless access to the Internet, information networks have profoundly impacted our lifestyle. At the time of writing, over 3 billion...

Intelligent agent technology is a tool of modern computer science that can be used to engineer complex computer programmes that behave rationally in dynamic and changing environments. Applications range from small programmes that intelligently search the Web buying and selling...

Kalman filtering algorithm gives optimal (linear, unbiased and minimum error-variance) estimates of the unknown state vectors of a linear dynamic-observation system, under the regular conditions such as perfect data information; complete noise statistics; exact linear modelling; ideal will-conditioned matrices in computation and strictly...

Since its birth in 1996, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) has grown up. As a richer, much more robust...